The Science
Evidence & Research
See also EECP Therapy, Mayo Clinic,The Cleveland Clinic, Ohio State University websites
View Research
Testimonials
Straight from the Heart
How EECP Works
Strengthening the Heart
EECP Overviews
Why External Counterpulsation (ECP or EECP) benefits patients with Chest Pain and Coronary Calcium
EECP: Treating Angina With Every Beat of the Heart
Additional Research
EECP Therapy & Safety
- Doctors Ignore Proven Alternative to Coronary Stents and Bypass Surgery https://www.lifeextension.com/magazine/2008/6/doctors-ignore-alternative-to-coronary-stents-bypass-surgery
- The Role of Enhanced External Counter Pulsation Therapy in Clinical Practice
- Expert consensus on the clinical application of enhanced external counterpulsation in elderly people
- Efficacy of Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Patients With Chronic Refractory Angina on Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) Angina Class
EECP Therapy & General Wellness
- EECP Increased Blood Flow to the Brain
- Lin S, Xiao-Ming W, Gui-Fu W. Expert consensus on the clinical application of enhanced external counterpulsation in elderly people (2019). Aging Med (Milton). 2020 Mar 3;3(1):16-24. doi: 10.1002/agm2.12097. PMID: 32232188; PMCID: PMC7099759. Link — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32232188/
- Jan R, Khan A, Zahid S, Sami A, Owais SM, Khan F, Asjad SJ, Jan MH, Awan ZA. The Effect of Enhanced External Counterpulsation (EECP) on Quality of life in Patient with Coronary Artery Disease not Amenable to PCI or CABG. Cureus. 2020 May 6;12(5):e7987. doi: 10.7759/cureus.7987. PMID: 32523843; PMCID: PMC7273423. Link—- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32523843/#
- Bozorgi A, Mehrabi Nasab E, Sardari A, Nejatian M, Nasirpour S, Sadeghi S. Effect of Enhanced External Counterpulsation (EECP) on Exercise Time Duration and Functional Capacity in Patients with Refractory Angina Pectoris. J Tehran Heart Cent. 2014 Jan 12;9(1):33-7. PMID: 25561968; PMCID: PMC4277789
- EECP (Enhanced External Counterpulsation) and its Uses
- Effects of Enhanced External Counterpulsation With Different Sequential Levels on Lower Extremity Hemodynamics
- The Hemodynamic Effect of Enhanced External Counterpulsation Treatment on Atherosclerotic Plaque in the Carotid Artery: A Framework of Patient-Specific Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis
- When Enhanced External Counter Pulsation (EECP) is Right for Angina
EECP Therapy & Long COVID
- Leading Long COVID expert becomes patient, using unique therapy to ease symptoms
- Enhanced External Counterpulsation Offers Potential Treatment Option for Long COVID Patients
- Enhanced external counterpulsation for management of symptoms associated with long COVID
- Enhanced External Counterpulsation as a Novel Treatment for Post-acute COVID-19 Sequelae
- Expert consensus on the clinical application of enhanced external counterpulsation in elderly people
EECP Therapy & Erectile Dysfunction
- Enhanced external counterpulsation in rehabilitation of erectile dysfunction: a narrative literature review
- Expert consensus on the clinical application of enhanced external counterpulsation in elderly people
- Feasibility and Safety of Using External Counterpulsation to Augment Cerebral Blood Flow in Acute Ischemic Stroke-The Counterpulsation to Upgrade Forward Flow in Stroke (CUFFS) Trial
EECP Therapy & Cardiology
- External Counterpulsation Attenuates Hypertensive Vascular Injury Through Enhancing the Function of Endothelial Progenitor Cells
- EECP improves anginal symptoms and exercise tolerance, reduces nitroglycerin use and is safe and beneficial for patients with stable congestive heart failure. Sharma U, Ramsey HK, Tak T. The role of enhanced external counter pulsation therapy in clinical practice. Clin Med Res. 2013 Dec;11(4):226-32. doi: 10.3121/cmr.2013.1169. PMID: 24510321; PMCID: PMC3917995.
- Individual shear rate therapy (ISRT)—further development of external counterpulsation for decreasing blood pressure in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD)
- Does Enhanced External Counterpulsation Significantly Affect Myocardial Perfusion? A Review & Meta-Analysis
. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27045935/
EECP Therapy & Fitness
- Encouraged by mounting clinical evidence of EECP therapy’s success in boosting physical performance for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and congestive heart failure (CHF), researchers are now further delving into its potential benefits for healthy individuals and even elite athletes. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25561968/
- Effects of enhanced external counterpulsation on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure: A meta-analysis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34232191/
- Athletic Benefits of EECP Therapy
- Enhanced External Counterpulsation Therapy
Past, Present, and Future
EECP Therapy & Athletes
- Effect of External Counterpulsation on Exercise Recovery in Team Sport Athletes. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31288290/
EECP Therapy & More
- CARDIOVASCULAR: Doctors Ignore Proven Alternative to Coronary Stents and Bypass Surgery
- STROKE RECOVERY: Effects of enhanced external counterpulsation on carotid circulation in patients with coronary artery disease Is Counterpulsation a Potential Therapy for Ischemic Stroke? https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17008798/
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DIABETES: Enhanced externa. Counterpulsation improves peripheral artery function and glucose tolerance in subjects with abnormal glucose tolerance? A Review & Meta- Analysis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22194326/
- STROKE RECOVERY: Li B, Wang W, Mao B, Zhang Y, Chen S, Yang H, Niu H, Du J, Li X, Liu Y. Hemodynamic effects of enhanced external counterpulsation on cerebral arteries: a multiscale study. Biomed Eng Online. 2019 Aug 28;18(1):91. doi: 10.1186/s12938-019-0710-x. PMID: 31462269; PMCID: PMC6714389.
- EECP BENEFITS FOR PARKINSON’S, DIABETES, STROKE RECOVERY, SLEEP DISORDERS, NEUROGENERATIVE DISORDERS, SUDDEN HEARING LOSS, ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION, , VISION, COGNATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL ISSUES: Expert consensus on the clinical application of enhanced external counterpulsation in elderly people
- CARDIOVASCULAR, SAFETY, ENDOTHELIUM: Enhanced External Counterpulsation Therapy – Past, Present, and Future
- RENAL FAILURE: Enhanced external counterpulsation, focusing on its effect on kidney function, and utilization in patients with kidney diseases: a systematic review
- RENAL, CARDIOVASCULAR: : Effect of enhanced external counterpulsation treatment on renal function in cardiac patients
